The examples of systemic itch include cholestatic pruritus and uremic pruritus. Systemic itch, by contrast, always accompanies diseases of organs other than the skin. Dermatologic itch arises from diseases of the skin, such as atopic dermatitis, eczema, psoriasis, urticaria, and xerosis. On the basis of clinical classification, chronic itch conditions can be divided into four subtypes: dermatologic, systemic, neuropathic, and psychogenic ( 15, 153). Chronic itch, however, remains a challenge in the clinic. Acute itch evoked by insect bites can be easily relieved by scratching. Itch manifests in both acute and chronic forms.
Itch, also known as pruritus, was defined 350 years ago by the German physician Samuel Hafenreffer as an “unpleasant sensation that elicits the desire or reflex to scratch” ( 54, p.
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